Barkha Dutt free essay sample

Barkha Dutt BY 392 NDTV 247 is a premier English language television network that carries news and current affairs in India, it is owned by New Delhi Television Ltd. NDTV 247 won the Asian Television Award for Best News Channel in 2005. NDTV 247 is home to a team of award winning Journalists who spearhead the news campaign, including Dr. Prannoy Roy and Barkha Dutt. NDTV 247 is also available outside of India, broadcasting in the UK on the Sky Digital platform, in the U. S. on the DirecTV platform, in Canada on the ATN platform, in Australia on the Vision Asia platform, in Europe on the WorldTV platform, and in Singapore on the mio TV platform. We the People is a television talk show in India and running over NDTV. TV Journalist Barkha Dutt hosts this show. The program broadcasts every Sunday. [edit]About the show It is a discussion-based programme on burning issues. Seven to eight panelists are invited for every discussion. We will write a custom essay sample on Barkha Dutt or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is an audience-based show. This Show airs in New Delhi Television network. The programme can generate controversy, but showcases a diversity of views thanks to its host. Barkha has been awarded as the most intelligent TV host by Indian Television Awards, and also as Best Talk Show Anchor. [1] We The People has recently won the 14th Asian Television Award for Best Talk Show for the year 2008. The show has received critical acclaim and has won several key awards {{{{{{{{{{{{{Barkha Dutt is a television Journalist. Her frontline reporting of the Kargil conflict in 1999 raised her to prominence in India. She has reported on many conflicts, ranging from Kashmir to Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iraq. Currently, she is Group Editor-English News, NDTV, a leading Indian television network, and the host of We the People, a weekly discussion show on current events. Barkha also writes a weekly column for The Hindustan Times and KhaleeJ Times. Some awards she has won: Global Leader of Tomorrow Award from the World Economic Forum, 2001 Commonwealth Broadcasters Award, 2002 Broadcast Journalist of the Year by the Indian Express, 2005 Padma Shri Award Oournalism), 2008}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} with Barkha Dutt. .. india an english speaking country? Were all of us educated in elite schools and fashionable colleges? Do all of us have fancy,phirang accents that would put the real angrez to shame? ls Barkha Dutt the ultimate arbitrator of all things bright,beautiful and otherwise. lndeed this famous programme called We the people on NDTV 24*7 is certainly not for a common person. Certainly not for a person who has not read all the correct books and magazines. Barkha Dutt uses this opportunity(as always ) to emphasize Just how talented she is. How greatly ur wretched country needs her services as the super-judge of anything that she sets her eyes on. lndeed the program is supposed to be a free,open discussion between people whose voices are not otherwise heard. What it actually is,is a kind of drawing room discussion between celebrities. These celebrities pretend to become very humble and approachable. They are surrounded by some doctorates and super specialists who are sometimes allowed to make a few noises. What the show turns out to be in the end is a weekly meeting of th

Using Notepad for PHP

Using Notepad for PHP You dont need any fancy programs to work with the PHP programming language. PHP code is written in plain text. All Windows computers including those running Windows 10 come with a program called Notepad that creates and modifies plain-text documents. Saving PHP Documents In your text editor, just save the PHP source code with a PHP extension. Windows may or may not recognize PHP as a valid system file type, but it doesnt matter. You generally dont want Windows to attempt to execute a PHP script. You could, however, associate PHP as a file type that your favorite text editor manages, so double-clicking a PHP file will open it in that editor. Media Files Saved as PHP Some browser plugins that download media from web pages will incorrectly capture the media files correct extension. The file will save with the correct name, but with a PHP extension. This glitch occurs only occasionally and stems from the media file sourcing from a PHP-enabled page. All you need to do is change the PHP extension to something like MP4. Video-playback programs like VLC accept the MP4 extension without complaining, even if the underlying video type is something else. Writing PHP Unlike some programming and scripting languages, PHP is not sensitive to indentations. Therefore, any indentations you make to your PHP code to aid your readibility are fine. Other Programs to Edit PHP Files Notepad is simple, but its not the only choice. Mac users can use TextEdit. Hardcore programmers (usually, on Linux) rely on environments like Emacs or Vim. Better than using a text editor - which, by design, just edits text, without additional functionality - is to use a text editor optimized for coding. On the Windows platform, programs like Visual Studio Code, BB Edit, UltraEdit, and Notepad not only edit your text but can lint (analyze for errors) and format your code with special colors and related visual cues.

Can you make up a topic for me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Can you make up a topic for me - Essay Example times still carries out illicit affairs but they are done secretly and the wife may never be aware of what is happening and when a discovery is made, it completely shatters the marriage. In this type of marriage just like in a polygamous one, the woman is still the one to suffer and do it alone as she is expected to remain faithful. Engels does not see anything wrong with such an arrangement which I also disagree with as it is not only unreasonable but it disregards the woman’s sexuality as well downplaying it to no importance at all. The question heavy in my mind is whether monogamous marriages are really worth it if the men are still picking up the polygamous culture but doing it secretly (Engels 2004). I agree with the explanations Yuval-Davis provides about how women and their decision making ability even on their own reproduction is denied to them. They are made to listen to the policies being made and follow the directives given to them but not to complain. Women are not given a choice when it comes to their reproductive system as they are forced to have babies to continue the bloodline, fill a nation or even for social status. In cases where Malthusian theory is being practiced, the female children born or unborn are killed and only the male survive and this is decided by the man and not the woman. Women simply have no powers whether it is productive or reproductive roles and they are simply like automatons controlled by the men and made to do what the men want and this is absolutely unfair (Yuval-Davis 1997). I agree that the society has continually put pressure on women to agree with them about each and everything concerning their lives and have even moved to their reproductive life. Reproduction is the one thing that is and should remain private in a woman’s life and she should therefore hold all the reins when it comes to decisions about her reproductive health. She should be the one to make decisions about whether she wants a child or not and

Critically evaluate the policy network model Essay

Critically evaluate the policy network model - Essay Example In this case, we can expect too that solution can be best achieved through network of elucidation. NETWORK OF PROBLEMS: AN OVERVIEW OF POLICY NETWORK MODEL Introduction In our society today, there are many things in which we are trying to explain and identify why such things occurs. We also try to analyze situations or problems to come up with a solution that we thought to be a result of the observations. Well, this is the essence of being an analysts - This give us the right to be coined as analysts because we try to explain everything based on the content and what the other had perceived it to be and eventually lead us to create our own unique perception on that issue also with of course basis. In this part, we will be dealing on a policy model that is known to be one of the most influential models in these days in policy making. A policy network model by Rod Rhodes states that policy is prepared because of the interactions made between the pressure groups and the policy makers. .. . Policy Network Model As it were discussed and stated in the lecture presentation about policy analysis made by Dr. Adam White entitled ‘Theories of the Policy Process’, he identified there that a policy network model focus on policy subsystems. Primarily it focuses on subsystems because the actors involved may not be in line with the hierarchical structure. Leader’s prerogative on matters of laws or policies and other matters which involved the state (individual level of analysis) is not the only source of policies as well as state laws because there are multiple actors involved in here. The players in this model are the groups that make the state work as a whole which is consist of the departments and bureaucracies as well as interests groups in the states. We can label them as the trans-governmental or transnational actors coined in the complex interdependence theory. The policy outcome is indeed made because of the departments and bureaucracies’ intermed iations with each other together with the interest groups. These components are the main actors bounded by their beliefs and norms in the society in governance (Scharpf 1998, p.195). Furthermore, actors operate through interdependent relationships, with a view to achieve their personal goals by collaborating with each other (Bevir & Richards 2009, p.1). In a broader sense, what makes the policy are not because of the leaders’ ability alone to rule and create policy to make its country better but rather, it is a product of collective individual’s rational thinking ability shaped by their societal norms and its interactions to the government bureaus – their exchange of resources; and policy makers. â€Å"Policy network analysis stresses the importance of

What is a petition for writ of habeus corpus Essay

What is a petition for writ of habeus corpus - Essay Example The Supreme Court also declared that Georgia’s death penalty was not constitutional. The huge publicity to the case helped eminent lawyers like Amsterdam to fight the case of Furman, who was poor and most importantly, black. Amsterdam was able to show that the judgment was biased and heavily discriminated because the defendant was not only poor but also black. He argued that the jury did not have any guidance regarding the death sentence and the verdict was random mainly based on the discriminatory practices of the individuals. Amsterdam said that jury often just listens to the evidence of guilt and decides if the defendant deserves to die. The same cases often have the same conviction. Most of the sentences of death penalty are of those who are black, poor, mentally ill or uneducated. The wealthy, white or mentally healthy people rarely get death sentence (Steins, 1995). Judge, Douglas had also declared that death penalty had targeted the unpopular segment of society and therefore was unconstitutional under Eighth

SQL Injection and Buffer Overflow Attack Detection

SQL Injection and Buffer Overflow Attack Detection CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION This chapter discussed about research requirement for this research. It discussed briefly the research background in section 1.1, problem statement in 1.2, research objectives in 1.3, research questions in 1.4, scope of research in 1.5, research elements in 1.6 and research significant in 1.7 1.1 Research Background The internet which is a free, supportive and self-sustaining facility reachable to hundreds of millions of people worldwide, have become one of important communication’s medium today. The greatest widely used part of the Internet is the web or World Wide Web (WWW). The Web uses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to convey data through the Internet as HTTP is a well-known language over the Internet. There is a Web Browser that acts as the main door to the Internet if user wants to view the web pages in different websites. Web pages is a document that may contain text, videos, sound, images or any multimedia components created in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). In addition, to make the process of searching specific web pages easier, there is Uniform Resource Locator (URL) where it standardized naming convention for addressing documents available over the Internet or Intranet. As Internet become more and more significant, there are some individuals identified as hackers that have the ability to interrupt the peace of using Internet. For that reason, network security is required. Network security emphasis on securing networks from any violence or exploit especially from hackers and typically handles by network administrator on each organization that applies security policy. Thus, to ensure the three main goals of security which are integrity, availability and confidentiality is guarantee, network security become the main role to some kind of vulnerabilities in web application. Vulnerabilities can be referring as the flaws where attacker can take benefit by exploiting it to gain unauthorized access to their target. There are two of the most common web application vulnerabilities that exist in a web application are Structured Query Language (SQL) Injection and Buffer Overflow (BOF). SQL Injection is an attack in which the attacker inserts SQL commands into form or parameter values. It exploits the use of SQL query in the application. SQL Injection has become a predominant type of attacks that target web applications. The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) ranks it on top among the Top-10 security threats. Buffer Overflow is an exploit that can make the memory allocated to a certain application become massive. For example, an application expecting a five-digit postcode therefore the programmer only allocates enough memory for the perimeter. If an attacker enters more than five digits for example hundreds of digit, the application will end up using more memory than what it should. As of September 2010, 12 of the 20 most severe vulnerabilities ranked by US-CERT were Buffer Overflow related. There are a lot of web application vulnerabilities detection scanners existing in Internet. Either it free source or need to buy, there are more or less problems faced by these tools. The common problem meet by some of the scanner are false positive and false negatives. A false positive is when there is an error whereby a web application tested for is mistakenly found the vulnerabilities which actually there is none. Meanwhile, false negatives are the scanner does not found any vulnerability in a web application and telling user that the web is secure. However, actually the web application may have some vulnerability. Thus, by proposed a method for detecting the web vulnerabilities through searching for the suspicious and defined web vulnerabilities criteria, it will help the web application administrator to take a look and always standby in secure mode to avoid and secure mode for avoiding any attacks from the attacker. 1.2 Problem Statement Usually developers of a web application does not realize that their web application have vulnerabilities. They only realize it when there is an attack or manipulation of their code by someone. This is normal as in a web application, there are thousands of lines of code so, it is not easy to detect if there is some mistakes (Houghton, 2013). Nowadays lots of new hacker are born as the tools and tutorials are easier to get. According to Dougherty (2012), even though SQL Injection is very easy to protect against, there are still large numbers of the system on the internet are vulnerable to this type of attack because there will be a few subtle condition that can go undetected. Besides, in Buffer Overflow, although many methods have been proposed to address this problem, it mostly very high overhead involves considerable additional resources (Zheng, Zhou Liu, 2015). Therefore, a detection method for detecting the SQL Injection and Buffer Overflow while producing minimum false positive a nd false negative was proposed. 1.3 Research Objective There are two objectives that have been achieved in this dissertation: To construct a detection method that can detect SQL Injection and Buffer Overflow attack in web application based on acknowledged features and characteristics of the vulnerabilities. To evaluate the performance of proposed method in term of accuracy and efficiency by conducted two sets of experiments under laboratory testing environment. 1.4 Research Questions There are four research questions that have been addressed in this dissertation: Is it possible to employ a dynamic method for SQL Injection and Buffer Overflow detection in web application? What are the criteria used to detect SQL Injection and Buffer Overflow in the proposed detection method? What is the evaluation metrics used to measure the performance of the proposed detection method? How to measure the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed detection method? 1.5 Scope of Research This dissertation focused on the web application vulnerabilities which are more specific on SQL Injection and Buffer Overflow. This dissertation limited to: Detection of web application vulnerabilities which are limited on: SQL Injection Buffer Overflow A number of vulnerable website’s URL collected from: http://www.thetechnism.com/ http://pastebin.com/ For detection of web application vulnerabilities of SQL Injection and Buffer Overflow, the criteria used are: Get the URL of website Tokenize the URL Match the pattern with the matching criteria based on Boyer-Moore Algorithm Get the web application vulnerabilities The evaluation metrics that used in this dissertation are accuracy and efficiency 1.6Research SIGNIFICANCE There are two significances of this dissertation: This dissertation able to provide a method that can detect SQL Injection and Buffer Overflow attack based on Boyer-Moore String Matching Algorithm. This proposed detection method also able to generate the report regarding the level of vulnerability of the web application. The proposed method can assistance the web application developer or administrator to take any extra action to protected their application from being attacked by the unethical person outside the network to SQL Injection and Buffer Overflow attack.

Life of a Slave Girl Essay -- Papers

Life of a Slave Girl Harriet Jacobs constantly refers to friends that help her through her plight for freedom. Relying on the kindness of others seems to be a trend through out her life. Harriet was always helped out when she was a slave and when she escaped from slavery. When ever she got into trouble someone always came to her rescue. Everyone that came to her rescue was risking themselves when they would aid her. Be it a good old friend from the past, someone who knew her mother or a random stranger in the last expected place, there was always someone to save her. She thankfully accepted every bit of aid that came her way. Countless times Harriet speaks of getting help from someone whom she knew when she was little, be it an old friend or someone who is helping her because they knew her mother. People always wanted to help her, and this makes me wonder what she was like. Not once in her story does Harriet describe herself or do we get to know much about her other then how troubled she always is. Harriet was someone of a very strong moral character. Her second master Dr. Flint was relentless in his desires to have her as his lover yet she never gave in. In the situation of a slave this was very unusual. There was nothing to stop Dr. Flint from sticking Harriet in jail or whipping her until she couldn't stand anymore for no other reason then he felt like it. Yet she would not do anything she chose not to. She eventually ran away from him after spending years in his service and spent seven years hiding in an atic that summed up to be a large coffin then serve him and his family any more. She would rather torchure herself then submit to the Flints and do something she felt was wrong. At the age of six Harri... ... to smuggle Harriet north. After much time, he found way by a sympathetic caption of a ship to bring her north. He gave seven years trying to help her with information and a way to get north instead of helping himself. To simply save a friend. After Harriet arived in New York she met Mr. Bruce. His second wife was the greatest help to Harriet through out all of her years. Though she was white, she treated Harriet as an equal and always tryed to do the best for her. At one point Harriet had to flee from New York for fear of being cought and Mrs. Bruce tells her to bring her baby with her so that if she happened to be cought they would have to bring Harriet back to her and that there might be some way to help her then. Eventually Mrs. Bruce enables someone to purchase Harriet for three hundred dollars from Mr. Flint's daughter so that Harriet could be free.

Henry David Thoreau Essay

Transcendentalism is a very important movement that occurred not only in literature but in life as well. The transcendentalist movement was a movement that was basically the thought of everyone having an over-soul. The over-soul is the thought of a relationship between God, nature, and man. The movement had many different characteristics like individuality, feelings being priority over reason, the fact that nature was divine, and that nature held truths. Transcendentalists used the truths that they observed in the world and in nature to change the way society was and how people see themselves in the world. Although the idea of a utopia was not successful, the movement sparked a change in literature. Emerson and Thoreau are the two people most associated with transcendentalism. They both wrote essays about their experiences in nature and influenced many other writers to do the same (hence the transcendentalist movement). The transcendentalist thought is especially apparent in Walt Whitman and Emily Dickenson’s work. Whitman and Dickenson both show many traits of the movement, but the most apparent trait is individualism. Individualism is often portrayed in Emerson and Thoreau’s work as being equal. Everyone has a soul, inner truth is the only thing that matters, and fulfillment comes from knowing one’s self. In Emerson’s essay Nature, he describes man as being universal and related. In the quote â€Å" . . . that great nature in which we rest . . . that Unity, that Over-Soul, within which every man’s particular being is contained and made one with all other. . . . We live in succession, in division, in parts, in particles. Meantime within man is the soul of the whole; the wise silence; the universal beauty, to which every part and particle is equally related; the eternal ONE. † Emerson is saying that all men have souls and that each soul is a part of an even bigger soul, the universal soul. This is basically saying that we are all equal, but at the same time we are separated because we each have a soul of our own. In another essay, self-reliance, he stated â€Å"Is it so bad, then, to be misunderstood? Pythagoras was misunderstood, and Socrates, and Jesus, and Luther, and Copernicus, and Galileo, and Newton, and every pure and wise spirit that ever took flesh. To be great is to be misunderstood†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In this, he is saying that being misunderstood is being great. This also says that being misunderstood is forgetting what society says you should be or act like and doing what you want to do in order to find yourself and be your own person. By not caring about what others may think about your choices and decisions, you can be your own person and set an example for others to do the same. Not only was Emerson talking about being an individual, he was also adding a bit about your feelings being more important that reason. Thoreau also writes about individualism in his essays. In Walden, Thoreau writes about the experiences and life of his life. He writes â€Å"†¦ if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined, he will meet success unexpected in common hours. † This is saying that you should live the way that you want to live and that your inner truth or inner desires are all that matter. Everyone has inner truth and desires and to live the life that you want to live then you should go for the dreams that you have always wanted to come true. This is a prime example of individualism because everyone has dreams and inner truths about the way that they want to live and it is completely up to them to live the way that they want to live. He also addresses individualism in another essay titled Civil Disobedience. He writes â€Å"But, to speak practically and as a citizen, unlike those who call themselves no government men, I ask for, not at once no government, but at once a better government. Let every man make known what kind of government would command his respect, and that will be one step towards obtaining it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In this, he is encouraging people to take a stand for the rights and respect they deserve. In a way, he is telling people to stop ignoring the unfair government and do something about the way you feel. This is showing again how everyone has inner truth and they should do something to change the way the world is to be better. Thoreau wanted the government to change and so he spoke about what he believed to be true. This is him showing his individualism and encouraging others to speak up as well about the truth that they believed. Like Emerson and Thoreau, Whitman and Dickenson have both used individualism in their works, but Whitman does a better job at portraying it. In Whitman’s poem ‘Song of Myself’, Whitman writes about everyone being equal and having equal opportunities. He states â€Å"I am of old and young, of the foolish as much as the wise, regardless of others, ever regardful of others, maternal as well as paternal, a child as well as a man, stuffed with the stuff that is course, and stuffed with the stuff that is fine †¦ † In this quote he is comparing total opposites to each other. This is a way of showing how even the opposites are the same. Regardless of others, ever regardful of others means that others mean nothing to you, yet others mean everything to you. It’s contradicting, but in a way that says although others mean nothing to you, they affect you in certain ways. Everyone affects you, but you are not everyone. You are simply yourself and that is what I get from what Whitman was describing. In another part of the poem, Whitman says ‘I am as bad as the worst, but thank God, I am as good as the best. ’ This quote stands out because it means no one is better than anyone. Just because you don’t get in trouble doesn’t mean you are any less wrong or less bad. Just because you do good things doesn’t mean you are any better! Being good is simply being good and the same goes for being bad. No one is any better or worst. This means that everyone is equal and has equal opportunities. Dickenson also uses individualism as a theme in some of her works as well. In the poem ‘Heaven Has Different Signs—To Me’, Dickenson writes â€Å"The Rapture of a finished Day—Returning to the West—All these—remind us of the place, That Men call â€Å"paradise†Ã¢â‚¬  In this poem Dickinson is describing what heaven would be like. This quote refers to the end of the day for men. Individualism is living the way you want and reaching fulfillment. This quote shows how men are fulfilled in their lives and of what they call paradise. To me, I don’t think she is writing about heaven, I think she is writing about a utopia. She is writing about a place that everyone is equal and enlightened. Dickinson and Whitman both write about being equal and living the life that you want to lead. Even though they both write about individualism, Whitman portrays it much more and it is more apparent. They were both influenced by the transcendentalist movement, but Dickinson focuses on other traits like how nature is beautiful and simple and the relationship that nature, life, and death have. The transcendentalist movement may be over, but it left an imprint in literature. Many people speak of individualism and the name most associated with it in the movement is Walt Whitman. Works Cited Poemhunters. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. â€Å"Quotations by Author. † Walt Whitman Quotes. N. p. , n. d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. Thoreau, Henry D. â€Å"Civil Disobedience by Henry David Thoreau. † Civil Disobedience by Henry David Thoreau. Jone Johnson Lewis, n. d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. Thoreau, Henry D. Walden. N. p. : Jalic, 2003. Print. Whitman, Walt. â€Å"(1836)Nature. † Nature by Ralph Waldo Emerson. Oregon State College, n. d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. Whitman, Walt. â€Å"Self Reliance. † Mrgunnar. net. N. p. , n. d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013.

How to spark the curiosity of the readers

How to spark the curiosity of the readers How to "spark the curiosity of the readers" Alejandro Largo is one of our recent additions to Reedsy, and a fantastic designer. You can see some of his beautiful work for a variety of academic titles over at his Reedsy profile. Fun factoid: Alejandro has worked on several covers for texts within the humanities and social sciences, including philosophy, sociology, and literature, which are of course some of the most awesome of academic disciplines, at least according to a quick straw poll of the Reedsy offices. Meet Alejandro below. Enjoy!How did you get started in design, and how did you get into book covers specifically?I was fortunate to grow up in Colombia surrounded by art and design. My father, brother and uncle all are designers. When I was young, way before I knew what graphic design was, I would use to go to my dad’s office and be amazed by the vibe of a creative agency. At that point I knew I wanted to be in a creative field. When the time came to go to college, I had the opportunity to come to New York and att end the School of Visual Arts. During the program I got really interested in editorial design, especially book design. So much that I did my internship with Simon Schuster and my first job was designing book covers and interiors for Columbia University Press.Have you done much work with independent authors? If so, is there anything different about it compared to working with a traditional publisher?I haven’t had the chance to work with many independent authors yet, but I am excited about the prospect of working more directly with the author to create the cover. With a traditional publisher there are a lot channels you have to go through to get the cover approved internally before it even reaches the author for the first time. A more direct communication could allow us to create a cover that is relevant, interesting and stands out from the standard look you see on the shelfs.Thanks for your time Alejandro.Check out Alejandro’s profile and extensive portfolio.Follow Ree dsy on Twitter  , Facebook  and Google+

Essay on Procurement Methods Available in the Construction Industry of CyprusEssay Writing Service

Essay on Procurement Methods Available in the Construction Industry of CyprusEssay Writing Service Essay on Procurement Methods Available in the Construction Industry of Cyprus Essay on Procurement Methods Available in the Construction Industry of CyprusProcurement methods are crucial for the construction industry of Cyprus because they determine how the acquisition and ordering of properties or their elements of the buildings that are being constructed. In actuality, procurement methods influence the development of the company-customer relationships and, to a significant extent, influence the entire construction industry. The company-customer relationships are very important for the stable development of the construction industry of Cyprus. In such a situation, the construction industry of Cyprus depends on the development of procurement methods, which help construction companies and customers using their services to prevent conflicts and regulate relations between them. At the same time, the development of the construction industry raises the problem of the wide implementation of effective procurement methods because of the changing business environment a nd the integration of the construction industry of China into international business relations. In such a situation, procurement methods in the construction industry of Cyprus may change under the impact of changes in the business environment of Cyprus. Today, the procurement methods influence consistently the development of the construction industry of Cyprus because they determine the company-customer relationships and details of contracts constructors have to perform that makes it possible to forecast the development of the construction industry of Cyprus through the identification of the most popular procurement methods in the industry at the moment.TheoryProcurement is generally defined as the act of obtaining or buying goods or services. At the same time, procurement implies the establishment of business relations based on contracting between companies operating the construction industry and customers using their services. Procurement is essential for the development of the co nstruction industry and the effective performance of organisations operating in the industry because procurement determines the procedure of obtaining and buying goods and services. In this regard, procurement becomes an essential tool that determined the relationships between companies and customers. In such a situation, the choice of procurement methods may play the determinant part for the further development of the construction industry because the choice of the procurement method affects the development of relations between companies and customers and help to facilitate the interaction between them. At this point, it is worth mentioning the fact that that companies operating in the construction industry and their customers attempt to choose optimal procurement methods that facilitate their interaction and the delivery of goods and services from companies to customers. At the same time, companies operating in the construction industry have to adapt to current needs of customers, their expectations and wants.At the same time, different factors may influence the choice of the procurement method, among which it is possible to distinguish external and internal factors. The development of the construction industry depends on the impact of those factors because they affect procurement methods used by companies and customers in the construction industry of Cyprus. External factors may be as significant as internal ones and they both have a considerable impact on procurement methods and the impact on the construction industry at large.External factors relate mainly to the socioeconomic environment, where companies operating in the construction industry operate. In this regard, a particular consideration should be given to the potential impact of economic, commercial, technological, political, social and legal factors which influence the client and their business, and the project team during project’s lifecycle. For example, potential changes in interest rat es, changes in legislation and so on. Such changes influence policies of construction companies as well as procurement methods they choose. For instance, as a rule, companies choose the procurement method which allows them minimising the fiscal pressure on them and their customers.Client resources also have a considerable impact on procurement methods used by organisations. A client’s knowledge, the experience of the organisation with procuring building projects and the environment within which it operates will influence the procurement strategy adopted. Client objectives are influenced by the nature and culture of the organisation. The degree of client involvement in the project is a major consideration.Project characteristics can also have a considerable impact on the choice of the procurement method (Love Mohamed 1996). The size, complexity, location and uniqueness of the project should be considered as this will influence time, cost and risk. All these characteristics in fluence the supply of goods and services and, therefore, influence the procurement method. For instance, some locations are easier to reach than others. Naturally, construction companies set different requirements and price depending on the location. Special requirements of construction companies or their customers lead to the choice of the specific procurement method.The ability to make changes is anther important factor that affects the choice of the procurement method (Love, Gunasekaran Li 1998). Ideally the needs of the client should be identified in the early stages of the project (Dissanayaka 1998). This is not always possible. Changes in technology may result in changes being introduced to a project. Changes in scope invariably result in increase costs and time, especially they occur during construction. It is important at the outset of the project to consider the extent to which design can be completed and the possibility of changes occurring.Cost issues play an important p art in the choice of the procurement method because depending on the costs available to the construction company that the customer can spend on the particular project, the company and the customer elaborate the procurement method. For instance, in some cases customers can prepay goods and services supplied by the construction company, while in other cases, customers may pay for goods and services, when the construction has already started. An assessment for the need for price certainty by the client should be undertaken considering that there is a time delay from the initial estimate to when tenders are received (Rowlinson 1999). The extent to which design is complete will influence the cost at the time of tender. If price certainty is required, then design must be complete before construction commences and design changes avoided.The timing is one of the key factors that influence the choice of the procurement method. Most projects are required within a specific time frame. It is im portant that an adequate design time is allowed, particularly if design is required to be complete before construction. Assurances from the design team about the resources that are available for the project should be sought. Planning approvals can influence the progress of the project (Turner 1990). If early completion is a critical factor then design and construction activities can be overlapped so that construction can commence earlier on-site. Time and cost trade-offs should be evaluated.On the other hand, there are internal factors, such as human resources available to the construction company, the organisational culture and structure, and other factors that are characteristics of the construction company and that may affect the procurement method chosen by the organisation. Internal factors can affect consistently the choice of the procurement method because the company relies heavily on its human resources. If the company does not have professionals capable to carry out certai n procurement methods, then the organisation naturally focuses on procurement methods that are available to its professionals, which they can carry out successfully. Internal factors can affect the performance of the construction company preventing it from fulfilling its obligations, if the procurement method chosen by the company is wrong. For instance, if the company cannot maintain the productivity of its employees high, then the company will be unable to supply goods and services within short timeline.Applying the term procurement method to the construction industry, it is possible to define procurement as the acquisition or ordering of properties or their elements by customers, who order the construction of facilities from construction companies, while the latter are supposed to offer the specific procurement method that matches interests of the customer the best. In such a way, the choice of the procurement method is not just the choice of the construction company or customer individually but it is the choice made by the company and client through interaction and negotiations. The development of the construction industry relies on the use of efficient procurement methods which enhance the marketing performance of companies operating in the construction industry and stimulating the further progress of the construction industry.Key procurement methodsAt the moment, there are several key procurement methods that are particularly widely-spread in the construction industry of Cyprus, including general contracting; design and build; construction management; management contracting; private finance initiative; public-private partnership; framework contracting; and prime contracting. In fact, the variety of procurement methods that are currently applied to the construction industry of Cyprus are effective and help to develop effective marketing strategies but companies should make right choices to choose the most efficient marketing strategy and proper procuremen t method that matches needs of the company and its clients and allow the company to use the full potential of its resources.Traditional contractingTraditional contracting is the traditional procurement method applied to the construction industry. This method involves the constructor works according to a detailed plan provided by the investor. Traditional contracting involves three sub-types, such as lump sum, measurement and cost reimbursement. These three sub-types co-exist and may replace one another, when necessary. At the same time, companies choose the optimal type of the traditional contracting to maintain the effective marketing performance and to reach the high level of the customer satisfaction.Lump sum is the procurement which implies that the contractor undertakes to carry out a defined amount of work in return for an agreed sum. This can be a fixed amount not subject to recalculation, in which case there would be no opportunity for the employer to make variations. The su m is likely to be subject to limited fluctuations, usually to cover tax etc changes not foreseeable at the time of tendering. The sum may be subject to fluctuations in the cost of labour, plant and materials – the so called fluctuations provision. Recovery may be use of a formula, or by checking invoices (Love, Skitmore, Earl, 1998). In fact, lump sum involves the close interaction between construction companies and their customers, when customers pay for specific work companies have to perform for the agreed sum of money. The payment does not change significantly, in spite of the changes in the business environment or possible issues that may rise in the course of the construction.Lump sum contracts with quantities are priced on the basis of drawings and a firm bill of quantities. Items which cannot be accurately quantified can be recovered by an approximate quantity or a provisional sum, but these should be kept to a minimum. Lump sum contracts ‘without quantitiesâ⠂¬â„¢ are priced on the basis of drawings and another document. This may simply be a specification of a descriptive kind, in which case the lump sum will not be itemised, or one that is detailed to the extent that the contract sum is the total of the priceable items. The job might be more satisfactory described as a ‘Schedule of Works’, where the lump sum is the total of the priced items. In the latter cases, an itemised breakdown of the lump sum will be a useful basis for valuing additional work. Where only a lump sum is tendered, then a supporting ‘Schedule of Rates’ or a ‘Contract Sum Analysis’ will be needed from the tenderer. Tenders can be prepared on the basis of notional quantities, but they will need to be replaced by firm quantities if it is intended to enter into a ‘with quantities’ lump sum contract. In such a way, contractors have limited opportunities to change the sum the customer will have to pay, even if they confr ont substantial problems in the course of the implementation of the project and have to increase costs of the project. This is why companies have to create accurate plans and calculate all costs accurately to prevent unexpected costs that may put under the question the successful implementation of the project. In such a situation, companies should have well-developed forecasting potential to foresee possible challenges that may arise in the course of the construction and include those issues into their plans and costs of the construction.Measurement contracts are also referred to as ‘re-measurement contracts’. This is where the work which the contractor undertakes to do cannot for some good reason be accurately measured before tendering (Mortledge, Smith, Kashiwagi 2006). The presumption is that it has been substantially designed, and that reasonably accurate picture of the amount and quality of what is required is given to the tenderer. Probably the most effective mea surement contracts, involving least risk is to the employer, are those based on drawings’ with approximate quantities. Measurement contracts can also be based on drawings and a ‘Schedule of Rates’ or prices prepared by the employer for the tenderer to compete (Gordon 1994). This type of contract might be appropriate where there is not enough time to prepare even approximate quantities or where the quantity of work is very uncertain. Obviously the employer has to accept the risk involved in starting work with no accurate idea of the total cost, and generally this type of contract is best confined to small jobs. In such a way, companies prefer measurement contracts when small projects are involved. Measurement contracts allow them using costs efficiently and obtaining balanced profits.Cost reimbursement implies that the contractor undertakes to carry out an indeterminate amount of work on the basis that they are paid the prime or actual cost of labour, plant, and m aterials (Mortledge, Smith, Kashiwagi 2006). In addition, the contractor receives an agreed fee to cover management, overheads and profit. Hybrids of the cost reimbursement contracts include: cist plus percentage fee; cost-plus fixed pee; and cost-plus fluctuating fee. Cost-plus percentage fee is the method applied, when the fee charged is directly related to the prime cost (Smith Love 2001). It is usually a flat rate percentage, but it can also be on a sliding scale. However, the contractor has no real incentive to work at maximum efficiency, and this variant is only likely to be considered where the requirements are particularly indeterminate pre-contract. Cost-plus fixed fee –means that the fee to be charged is tendered by the contractor. This is appropriate provided that the amount and type of work is largely foreseeable (Mortledge, Smith, Kashiwagi 2006). The contractor has an incentive to work efficiently so as to remain within the agreed fee. Cost-plus fluctuating fee implies that the fee varies in proportion to the difference between the estimated cost and the actual prime cost. The assumption is that as the latter cost increases, the contractor’s supposed inefficiency will result in a fee which decreases. This approach depends upon there being a realistic chance of ascertaining the amount and type of work at tender stage (Smith, Love, Wyatt 2001). In such a way, customers cover the costs of the construction company spent on the labour force, the plant and materials used in the construction of the facility ordered by the customer. This method is effective and applied, when customers can cover the costs of the construction company and, as a rule, are in partnership with the constructor company.Essay on Procurement Methods Available in the Construction Industry of Cyprus part 2

Using internet newsgroups for online market research Paper

Using internet newsgroups for online market - Research Paper Example It is also through these groups that I will be able to relay information about how easy and convenient it is to access my boots. Being an active member in forums and contributing to important topics will play a major role in establishing links and good relationships. Through discussions and frequently asked questions, I will be able to know people’s likes and preferences as well as the challenges they encounter trying to access business services. This way, I will have the ability to adopt the best marketing strategies that are more appealing to the people and that are likely to increase sales. There are discussion groups that will allow me to advertise my products. This will give me an opportunity to attract potential buyers specifically by insisting on affordability and comfort of my boots. There are various ethical principles that I might violate if I use messages from newsgroups however much it may be difficult to distinguish private space from public space on the internet. For instance, I might violate the principle of ownership. Collecting information and claiming false ownership is unethical. The principle of acquisition might also be violated. Acquiring and using information without the owner’s consent is unethical. Another principle is the principle of identity. Providing false identity so as to acquire permission to use information is ethically inappropriate. The principle of accountability might also be at stake. A person is expected to be accountable for any situation that may arise as a result of using message that he/she did not publish (Josephson, 2010). In my view, there is no ethical problem in using newsgroups for marketing purposes or using messages from discussion forums. According to me, ethical problems are only applicable in most internet related activities if content is used for the wrong reasons such as

Mother Teresas Style of Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mother Teresas Style of Leadership - Essay Example According to the study  by the time Mother Teresa started her missionary work, she had little money in her hand, but she proved to the entire world that a person can achieve anything and flourish in  this world without money. Mother Teresa taught individuals that being wealthy does not necessarily mean everything. She proved to all that it is possible to prosper without money. Mother Teresa created a world full of love where the disadvantaged are cared for and showered with unconditional love. Mother Teresa was so caring to the extent that she used to beg others to give her food so that she can provide the orphan children dying of hunger with something to eat. Some of these individuals had no mercy on her and spit on her hand when begging but she would respond calmly that she would continue keeping the spit for herself and continue begging them to provide food for the poor and orphaned children. In addition, at the end, they realized her gentle character and donated something for the poor whenever she asked for. This shows her magnanimity, which is one of the best leadership qualities she possessed.From this paper it is clear that  Mother Teresa displayed a great mental strength by building homes for the destitute through fundraising and seeking support. Furthermore, Mother Teresa was a teacher and a caregiver who majorly focused on how to relieve suffering from the poor and the disadvantaged in the society